By: Dashnor Kokonozi
The occasion of the two hundredth anniversary of the death of Napoleon Bonaparte has given rise to the publication of an unimaginable number of books and studies.
The idea of his bipolarity has also been revived, a hypothesis supported by several American authors, among them Julian Lieb. According to him, the phases of excitement, catching fire, but also moments of anger, grandiose ideas and Napoleon's megalomania are part of the bipolar concerns encountered in tyrants.
It could also be the case of Stalin and Hitler. So should all those crimes be attributed to bipolar illness?
American researchers, when they talk about manic-depressives, usually start with the example of Napoleon, says a connoisseur of these works, V. Olivier. Meanwhile, the French, when dealing with such cases, bring the example of Lincoln and Roosevelt.
For many, the very hyperactivity, lack of appetite, the fact that the emperor of the French almost never slept in bright circumstances, can be described as a typical case of bipolarity.
Which proves that such a disease does not prevent you from being a genius.
It even helps ca.
It is known that, after having thought long and hard about the details of the battle that awaited him the next day, Bonaparte would not sleep. He was asleep even after the fighting had started. There was rarely a need to wake him up for something unexpected. Everything was unfolding as he had predicted.
But here we are not talking about this type of sleep.
In Elshingen, he fell asleep and closed his eyes during the meeting with the Council of State. In 1805, he fell asleep in Leipzig while all his generals stood before him.
Starting from 1812, these slumbers began to disturb his close circle. Some even talked about epilepsy.
Usually the emperor did not sleep much. Doctors say he had "polyphasic" and interrupted sleep. He suffered from frequent awakenings. But the numerous testimonies show that when he woke up he had an absolute clarity of ideas. This influenced the birth of the superman myth.
He usually went to bed at midnight and woke up at three in the morning to deal with the more delicate tasks that awaited him. He slept again at five in the morning.
But for doctor Charles-Henri Choard (ENT surgeon) Napoleon suffered from sleep apnea. For this he gives a detailed description of his death mask.
Over the years, the emperor is increasingly sleepy during the day. The doctor and his minister of the interior Antoine Chaptal in "My memories of Napoleon" (a very interesting book) says that until then it was he who had mastered sleep, then it was sleep that mastered him.
Here many also see the origin of errors of judgment in Russia's undertaking of the campaign at the most inopportune time and then withdrawing suddenly and under disastrous conditions.
And, the specialists come to the conclusion that if it had been treated for sleep problems with today's methods, without a doubt Europe would be completely different and further we would not have known two world wars.
Some researchers and biographers of Bonaparte support the idea that he lost the empire at Waterloo from a crisis of ... hemorrhoids.
To understand the role of hemorrhoids in this historic battle, something else must be said: the English military tradition, and especially that of General Arthur Wellington, did not foresee any communication with the common soldier. The English commanders lined up the soldiers and only at the last moment told them what they had to do, what was required of them and the battalion they belonged to.
The French tradition was completely different: Bonaparte himself, the night before the battle (before every battle) spent with the soldiers, knew them by name. He went from tent to tent and fire to fire and explained to them one by one what would happen the next day, how the actions would develop, the reserve maneuvers in case of this or that unexpected event... And, after that, he went and fell asleep.
The night before the battle of Waterloo (June 15, 1915) he only talked a little with the headquarters and did not leave the tent much. The soldiers were used to having the emperor among them. They opened their eyes everywhere, but that night they did not see him anywhere. This depressed them. He couldn't even stand on a horse, he couldn't ride because of hemorrhoids.
You know the continuation...
/Telegraph/
